Battery value chain/Process/Cell manufacturing/EOL Testing

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Production process

• Before the cells leave the factory, they are tested in an EOL test rig.
• The cells are removed from the good carriers in the aging racks and fed to the testing station.
• Here they are discharged to the shipping state of charge (capacity measurement).
• Depending on the manufacturer, pulse tests, internal resistance measurements (DC), optical inspections, OCV tests and leakage tests are carried out.
• After testing, many cell manufacturers sort the cells according to their performance data (grading).
• Once the tests have been completed passed successfully, the cells can be packed and shipped.
• For transport, the cells are usually provided with a plastic cover and stacked in a cardboard box.

Process parameters & requirements

• State of charge of the cell for shipping: 5 % - 20 % SOC
• Permissible loss rate: < 5 mV per week
• Increased loss rate: > 5mV per week may indicate e.g. cell-internal short circuits

Technology alternatives

• Different test sequences and durations exist depending on the cell manufacturer.

Quality influences

• Cell handling

Quality characteristics

• Low self-discharge
• Low internal resistance
• Constant capacity

Source

Heimes, H.H.; Kampker, A.; Lienemann, C.; Locke, M.; Offermanns, C.; Michaelis, S.; Rahimzei, E. (2018) Lithium-Ion Battery Cell Production Process; PEM of RWTH Aachen and VDMA, 3rd Edition, ISBN:978-3-947920-03-7

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Subject	Property	Object
Cell manufacturing/EOL Testing	HasPredecessor	Cell manufacturing/Aging
Cell manufacturing/EOL Testing	HasSuccessor	Module manufacturing

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