Line 1: |
Line 1: |
− | {{Semantic Element | + | {{GlossaryEntry}}{{Semantic Element |
| |label=Cell manufacturing/Formation | | |label=Cell manufacturing/Formation |
− | |description===Production process== | + | |description= |
| + | ===Production process=== |
| | | |
− | *The formation describes the first charging and discharging processes of the battery cell. | + | *Formation is first charging and discharging processes of the cell |
− | *For formation, the cells are put in special good carriers in formation racks and contacted by spring-loaded contact pins. | + | *Cells are stored in formation racks and contacted by spring-loaded contact pins |
− | *The cells are then charged or discharged according to precisely defined current and voltage curves. | + | *Cells are charged / discharged according to predefined current and voltage curves |
− | *During formation, lithium ions are embedded in the crystal structure of the graphite on the anode side. Here the Solid Electrolyte Interface (SEI) is formed, which creates a interface layer between the electrolyte and the electrode. | + | *During formation, lithium ions are embedded in the crystal structure of the graphite on the anode side which leads to formation of the Solid Electrolyte Interface (SEI); SEI creates an interface layer between electrolyte and electrode |
− | *The parameters during formation vary depending on the cell manufacturer and have a high impact on cell performance. They depend on the cell concept and chemistry and represent the core knowledge of a cell manufacturer. | + | *Parameters during formation have high impact on cell performance |
− | *In some cases, pouch cells in particular are pressurised during formation by special good carriers.
| |
| | | |
− | ==Process parameters & requirements== | + | ===Process parameters & requirements=== |
| | | |
− | *First charge: approx. 0.1 C - 0.5 C; State of Charge (SOC) approx. 20 % - 80 % | + | *First charge: approx. 0.1 C - 0.5 C; SOC approx. 20 % - 80 % |
| *Successive increase in C-rates with each charging and discharging cycle | | *Successive increase in C-rates with each charging and discharging cycle |
− | *Duration of formation process: up to 24 h | + | *Duration: up to 24 h |
| *Low contact resistances at the spring-loaded contact pins | | *Low contact resistances at the spring-loaded contact pins |
| | | |
− | ==Technology alternatives== | + | ===Technology alternatives=== |
| | | |
− | *There are different procedures for the formation depending on the cell manufacturer and cell chemistry. | + | *Different formation procedures |
| | | |
− | ==Quality influences== | + | ===Quality influences=== |
| | | |
| *Orientation of the cells | | *Orientation of the cells |
Line 28: |
Line 28: |
| *Pressurisation, especially of pouch cells | | *Pressurisation, especially of pouch cells |
| | | |
− | ==Quality features== | + | ===Quality features=== |
| | | |
| *Formation of the SEI layer | | *Formation of the SEI layer |
Line 34: |
Line 34: |
| *Internal resistance of the cell | | *Internal resistance of the cell |
| | | |
− | ==Source== | + | ===Source=== |
| Heimes, H.H.; Kampker, A.; Lienemann, C.; Locke, M.; Offermanns, C.; Michaelis, S.; Rahimzei, E. (2018) ''Lithium-Ion Battery Cell Production Process''; PEM of RWTH Aachen and VDMA, 3rd Edition, ISBN:978-3-947920-03-7 | | Heimes, H.H.; Kampker, A.; Lienemann, C.; Locke, M.; Offermanns, C.; Michaelis, S.; Rahimzei, E. (2018) ''Lithium-Ion Battery Cell Production Process''; PEM of RWTH Aachen and VDMA, 3rd Edition, ISBN:978-3-947920-03-7 |
| + | |
| |relations={{Semantic Link | | |relations={{Semantic Link |
| |property=Has predecessor | | |property=Has predecessor |